Tuim Hole first appeared 62 years ago and has sheer 120 metre cliffs reaching down to its deep turquoise waters.
Haunting beauty of massive hole as scientists examine frozen lake formed after giant blowout.
Around 400 delegates are expected including representatives of 41 ethnic minorities representing around a quarter of a million people.
New shipping link symbolises developing Arctic economy which can avoid eco-damage, says Putin.
Foreign Minister says there is ‘enormous potential’ for eastern Russia as Moscow forges closer diplomatic bond with Beijing.
Almost 1,300 bones of 13 species of mammals unearthed at new site on Gydan peninsula aged between 10,000 and 50,000 years old.
Likely brought some 6,000 kilometres by ancient traders seeking walrus tusks, hunting birds and fur.
Svetlana Evai ate unripe berries for 15 days after getting lost in tundra with family fearing she had been attacked by brown bear.
Discovery of rich vegetation only 1000 miles away from North Pole surprises scientists.